Women typically experience perimenopause, the phase before menopause, between their early 40s and late 50s. This period, which can last several years, involves fluctuating hormone levels and brings physical changes. While many women are aware of common symptoms like hot flashes and mood swings, they may not realize that perimenopause can significantly impact oral health.
This hormonal change can lead to symptoms such as dry mouth, gum inflammation, and an increased risk of tooth decay and periodontal disease.
Dry Mouth (Xerostomia)
When estrogen levels decrease, less saliva is produced, causing dry mouth. Saliva is important because it neutralizes acids from bacteria, rinses away food particles, and provides disease-fighting substances throughout the mouth. Without enough saliva, women are more likely to experience tooth decay, gum disease, and oral infections.
Gum Health, Gingivitis and Periodontitis
During perimenopause, hormonal fluctuations can lead to increased gum sensitivity and inflammation, known as gingivitis. Symptoms of gingivitis include red, swollen, and bleeding gums. If not treated, gingivitis can progress to periodontitis, a more severe form of gum disease that can result in tooth loss.
Bone Health and Tooth Loss
Decreasing estrogen levels during perimenopause can lead to bone loss, including the bones that support the teeth since estrogen is crucial for maintaining bone density.
Oral Health Tips for Perimenopausal Women
- Maintain Regular Dental Visits: Schedule regular check-ups and cleanings to monitor changes in your oral health and catch potential issues early.
- Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water to help combat dry mouth and stimulate saliva production.
- Good Oral Hygiene: Brush at least twice a day with fluoride toothpaste, floss daily, and consider using an antimicrobial mouthwash.
- Balanced Diet: Eat a diet rich in calcium and vitamin D to support bone health. Limit sugary and acidic foods that can make tooth decay worse.
- Discuss Hormonal Therapy: If you’re experiencing severe perimenopausal symptoms, talk to your healthcare provider about hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and how it could benefit your oral health.
